Autofix Rubocop Style/RedundantBegin (#23703)

.rubocop_todo.yml

@@ -2958,79 +2958,6 @@ Style/RedundantArgument:
     - 'app/helpers/application_helper.rb'
     - 'lib/tasks/emojis.rake'
 
-# Offense count: 83
-# This cop supports safe autocorrection (--autocorrect).
-Style/RedundantBegin:
-  Exclude:
-    - 'app/controllers/admin/dashboard_controller.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/api/v1/announcements_controller.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/api/v1/trends/links_controller.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/api/v1/trends/statuses_controller.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/api/v1/trends/tags_controller.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/concerns/rate_limit_headers.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/concerns/two_factor_authentication_concern.rb'
-    - 'app/helpers/admin/dashboard_helper.rb'
-    - 'app/helpers/admin/trends/statuses_helper.rb'
-    - 'app/helpers/branding_helper.rb'
-    - 'app/helpers/domain_control_helper.rb'
-    - 'app/helpers/formatting_helper.rb'
-    - 'app/helpers/instance_helper.rb'
-    - 'app/helpers/jsonld_helper.rb'
-    - 'app/lib/activity_tracker.rb'
-    - 'app/lib/activitypub/activity/create.rb'
-    - 'app/lib/activitypub/forwarder.rb'
-    - 'app/lib/admin/metrics/dimension/software_versions_dimension.rb'
-    - 'app/lib/admin/metrics/dimension/space_usage_dimension.rb'
-    - 'app/lib/extractor.rb'
-    - 'app/lib/importer/statuses_index_importer.rb'
-    - 'app/lib/link_details_extractor.rb'
-    - 'app/lib/request.rb'
-    - 'app/models/account.rb'
-    - 'app/models/account/field.rb'
-    - 'app/models/admin/account_action.rb'
-    - 'app/models/announcement.rb'
-    - 'app/models/concerns/account_merging.rb'
-    - 'app/models/concerns/pam_authenticable.rb'
-    - 'app/models/email_domain_block.rb'
-    - 'app/models/form/admin_settings.rb'
-    - 'app/models/form/custom_emoji_batch.rb'
-    - 'app/models/notification.rb'
-    - 'app/models/remote_follow.rb'
-    - 'app/models/status.rb'
-    - 'app/models/status_edit.rb'
-    - 'app/models/trends/links.rb'
-    - 'app/models/trends/statuses.rb'
-    - 'app/models/trends/tag_filter.rb'
-    - 'app/models/trends/tags.rb'
-    - 'app/models/web/push_subscription.rb'
-    - 'app/presenters/tag_relationships_presenter.rb'
-    - 'app/services/account_search_service.rb'
-    - 'app/services/activitypub/fetch_featured_tags_collection_service.rb'
-    - 'app/services/activitypub/fetch_remote_status_service.rb'
-    - 'app/services/fetch_link_card_service.rb'
-    - 'app/services/process_mentions_service.rb'
-    - 'app/services/reblog_service.rb'
-    - 'app/services/resolve_account_service.rb'
-    - 'app/validators/domain_validator.rb'
-    - 'app/validators/existing_username_validator.rb'
-    - 'app/validators/import_validator.rb'
-    - 'app/workers/backup_worker.rb'
-    - 'app/workers/post_process_media_worker.rb'
-    - 'app/workers/scheduler/follow_recommendations_scheduler.rb'
-    - 'db/migrate/20180528141303_fix_accounts_unique_index.rb'
-    - 'db/migrate/20180812173710_copy_status_stats.rb'
-    - 'db/migrate/20181116173541_copy_account_stats.rb'
-    - 'lib/mastodon/accounts_cli.rb'
-    - 'lib/mastodon/cli_helper.rb'
-    - 'lib/mastodon/ip_blocks_cli.rb'
-    - 'lib/mastodon/maintenance_cli.rb'
-    - 'lib/mastodon/media_cli.rb'
-    - 'lib/mastodon/search_cli.rb'
-    - 'lib/mastodon/upgrade_cli.rb'
-    - 'lib/paperclip/color_extractor.rb'
-    - 'lib/sanitize_ext/sanitize_config.rb'
-    - 'lib/tasks/db.rake'
-
 # Offense count: 16
 # This cop supports safe autocorrection (--autocorrect).
 Style/RedundantRegexpCharacterClass:

app/controllers/admin/dashboard_controller.rb

@@ -18,13 +18,11 @@ module Admin
     private
 
     def redis_info
-      @redis_info ||= begin
+      @redis_info ||= if redis.is_a?(Redis::Namespace)
-        if redis.is_a?(Redis::Namespace)
                         redis.redis.info
                       else
                         redis.info
                       end
     end
   end
-  end
 end

app/controllers/api/v1/announcements_controller.rb

@@ -18,9 +18,7 @@ class Api::V1::AnnouncementsController < Api::BaseController
   private
 
   def set_announcements
-    @announcements = begin
+    @announcements = Announcement.published.chronological
-      Announcement.published.chronological
-    end
   end
 
   def set_announcement

app/controllers/api/v1/trends/links_controller.rb

@@ -18,14 +18,12 @@ class Api::V1::Trends::LinksController < Api::BaseController
   end
 
   def set_links
-    @links = begin
+    @links = if enabled?
-      if enabled?
                links_from_trends.offset(offset_param).limit(limit_param(DEFAULT_LINKS_LIMIT))
              else
                []
              end
   end
-  end
 
   def links_from_trends
     scope = Trends.links.query.allowed.in_locale(content_locale)

app/controllers/api/v1/trends/statuses_controller.rb

@@ -16,14 +16,12 @@ class Api::V1::Trends::StatusesController < Api::BaseController
   end
 
   def set_statuses
-    @statuses = begin
+    @statuses = if enabled?
-      if enabled?
                   cache_collection(statuses_from_trends.offset(offset_param).limit(limit_param(DEFAULT_STATUSES_LIMIT)), Status)
                 else
                   []
                 end
   end
-  end
 
   def statuses_from_trends
     scope = Trends.statuses.query.allowed.in_locale(content_locale)

app/controllers/api/v1/trends/tags_controller.rb

@@ -18,14 +18,12 @@ class Api::V1::Trends::TagsController < Api::BaseController
   end
 
   def set_tags
-    @tags = begin
+    @tags = if enabled?
-      if enabled?
               tags_from_trends.offset(offset_param).limit(limit_param(DEFAULT_TAGS_LIMIT))
             else
               []
             end
   end
-  end
 
   def tags_from_trends
     Trends.tags.query.allowed

app/controllers/concerns/rate_limit_headers.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ module RateLimitHeaders
   class_methods do
     def override_rate_limit_headers(method_name, options = {})
       around_action(only: method_name, if: :current_account) do |_controller, block|
-        begin
         block.call
       ensure
         rate_limiter = RateLimiter.new(current_account, options)
@@ -15,7 +14,6 @@ module RateLimitHeaders
       end
     end
   end
-  end
 
   included do
     before_action :set_rate_limit_headers, if: :rate_limited_request?

app/controllers/concerns/two_factor_authentication_concern.rb

@@ -79,13 +79,11 @@ module TwoFactorAuthenticationConcern
 
     @body_classes     = 'lighter'
     @webauthn_enabled = user.webauthn_enabled?
-    @scheme_type      = begin
+    @scheme_type      = if user.webauthn_enabled? && user_params[:otp_attempt].blank?
-      if user.webauthn_enabled? && user_params[:otp_attempt].blank?
                           'webauthn'
                         else
                           'totp'
                         end
-    end
 
     set_locale { render :two_factor }
   end

app/helpers/admin/dashboard_helper.rb

@@ -19,8 +19,7 @@ module Admin::DashboardHelper
   end
 
   def relevant_account_timestamp(account)
-    timestamp, exact = begin
+    timestamp, exact = if account.user_current_sign_in_at && account.user_current_sign_in_at < 24.hours.ago
-      if account.user_current_sign_in_at && account.user_current_sign_in_at < 24.hours.ago
                          [account.user_current_sign_in_at, true]
                        elsif account.user_current_sign_in_at
                          [account.user_current_sign_in_at, false]
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ module Admin::DashboardHelper
                        else
                          [nil, false]
                        end
-    end
 
     return '-' if timestamp.nil?
     return t('generic.today') unless exact

app/helpers/admin/trends/statuses_helper.rb

@@ -2,13 +2,11 @@
 
 module Admin::Trends::StatusesHelper
   def one_line_preview(status)
-    text = begin
+    text = if status.local?
-      if status.local?
              status.text.split("\n").first
            else
              Nokogiri::HTML(status.text).css('html > body > *').first&.text
            end
-    end
 
     return '' if text.blank?
 

app/helpers/branding_helper.rb

@@ -23,14 +23,12 @@ module BrandingHelper
   end
 
   def render_symbol(version = :icon)
-    path = begin
+    path = case version
-      case version
            when :icon
              'logo-symbol-icon.svg'
            when :wordmark
              'logo-symbol-wordmark.svg'
            end
-    end
 
     render(file: Rails.root.join('app', 'javascript', 'images', path)).html_safe # rubocop:disable Rails/OutputSafety
   end

app/helpers/domain_control_helper.rb

@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ module DomainControlHelper
   def domain_not_allowed?(uri_or_domain)
     return if uri_or_domain.blank?
 
-    domain = begin
+    domain = if uri_or_domain.include?('://')
-      if uri_or_domain.include?('://')
                Addressable::URI.parse(uri_or_domain).host
              else
                uri_or_domain
              end
-    end
 
     if whitelist_mode?
       !DomainAllow.allowed?(domain)

app/helpers/formatting_helper.rb

@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ module FormattingHelper
   def rss_status_content_format(status)
     html = status_content_format(status)
 
-    before_html = begin
+    before_html = if status.spoiler_text?
-      if status.spoiler_text?
                     tag.p do
                       tag.strong do
                         I18n.t('rss.content_warning', locale: available_locale_or_nil(status.language) || I18n.default_locale)
@@ -31,10 +30,8 @@ module FormattingHelper
                       status.spoiler_text
                     end + tag.hr
                   end
-    end
 
-    after_html = begin
+    after_html = if status.preloadable_poll
-      if status.preloadable_poll
                    tag.p do
                      safe_join(
                        status.preloadable_poll.options.map do |o|
@@ -44,7 +41,6 @@ module FormattingHelper
                      )
                    end
                  end
-    end
 
     prerender_custom_emojis(
       safe_join([before_html, html, after_html]),

app/helpers/instance_helper.rb

@@ -10,13 +10,11 @@ module InstanceHelper
   end
 
   def description_for_sign_up
-    prefix = begin
+    prefix = if @invite.present?
-      if @invite.present?
                I18n.t('auth.description.prefix_invited_by_user', name: @invite.user.account.username)
              else
                I18n.t('auth.description.prefix_sign_up')
              end
-    end
 
     safe_join([prefix, I18n.t('auth.description.suffix')], ' ')
   end

app/helpers/jsonld_helper.rb

@@ -26,15 +26,13 @@ module JsonLdHelper
   # The url attribute can be a string, an array of strings, or an array of objects.
   # The objects could include a mimeType. Not-included mimeType means it's text/html.
   def url_to_href(value, preferred_type = nil)
-    single_value = begin
+    single_value = if value.is_a?(Array) && !value.first.is_a?(String)
-      if value.is_a?(Array) && !value.first.is_a?(String)
                      value.find { |link| preferred_type.nil? || ((link['mimeType'].presence || 'text/html') == preferred_type) }
                    elsif value.is_a?(Array)
                      value.first
                    else
                      value
                    end
-    end
 
     if single_value.nil? || single_value.is_a?(String)
       single_value

app/lib/activity_tracker.rb

@@ -27,14 +27,12 @@ class ActivityTracker
     (start_at.to_date...end_at.to_date).map do |date|
       key = key_at(date.to_time(:utc))
 
-      value = begin
+      value = case @type
-        case @type
               when :basic
                 redis.get(key).to_i
               when :unique
                 redis.pfcount(key)
               end
-      end
 
       [date, value]
     end

app/lib/activitypub/activity/create.rb

@@ -108,8 +108,7 @@ class ActivityPub::Activity::Create < ActivityPub::Activity
   def process_status_params
     @status_parser = ActivityPub::Parser::StatusParser.new(@json, followers_collection: @account.followers_url)
 
-    @params = begin
+    @params = {
-      {
       uri: @status_parser.uri,
       url: @status_parser.url || @status_parser.uri,
       account: @account,
@@ -128,7 +127,6 @@ class ActivityPub::Activity::Create < ActivityPub::Activity
       poll: process_poll,
     }
   end
-  end
 
   def process_audience
     # Unlike with tags, there is no point in resolving accounts we don't already

app/lib/activitypub/forwarder.rb

@@ -28,14 +28,12 @@ class ActivityPub::Forwarder
   end
 
   def signature_account_id
-    @signature_account_id ||= begin
+    @signature_account_id ||= if in_reply_to_local?
-      if in_reply_to_local?
                                 in_reply_to.account_id
                               else
                                 reblogged_by_account_ids.first
                               end
   end
-  end
 
   def inboxes
     @inboxes ||= begin

app/lib/admin/metrics/dimension/software_versions_dimension.rb

@@ -58,12 +58,10 @@ class Admin::Metrics::Dimension::SoftwareVersionsDimension < Admin::Metrics::Dim
   end
 
   def redis_info
-    @redis_info ||= begin
+    @redis_info ||= if redis.is_a?(Redis::Namespace)
-      if redis.is_a?(Redis::Namespace)
                       redis.redis.info
                     else
                       redis.info
                     end
   end
-  end
 end

app/lib/admin/metrics/dimension/space_usage_dimension.rb

@@ -59,12 +59,10 @@ class Admin::Metrics::Dimension::SpaceUsageDimension < Admin::Metrics::Dimension
   end
 
   def redis_info
-    @redis_info ||= begin
+    @redis_info ||= if redis.is_a?(Redis::Namespace)
-      if redis.is_a?(Redis::Namespace)
                       redis.redis.info
                     else
                       redis.info
                     end
   end
-  end
 end

app/lib/extractor.rb

@@ -8,12 +8,10 @@ module Extractor
   module_function
 
   def extract_entities_with_indices(text, options = {}, &block)
-    entities = begin
+    entities = extract_urls_with_indices(text, options) +
-      extract_urls_with_indices(text, options) +
                extract_hashtags_with_indices(text, check_url_overlap: false) +
                extract_mentions_or_lists_with_indices(text) +
                extract_extra_uris_with_indices(text)
-    end
 
     return [] if entities.empty?
 

app/lib/importer/statuses_index_importer.rb

@@ -24,13 +24,11 @@ class Importer::StatusesIndexImporter < Importer::BaseImporter
           # is called before rendering the data and we need to filter based
           # on the results of the filter, so this filtering happens here instead
           bulk.map! do |entry|
-            new_entry = begin
+            new_entry = if entry[:index] && entry.dig(:index, :data, 'searchable_by').blank?
-              if entry[:index] && entry.dig(:index, :data, 'searchable_by').blank?
                           { delete: entry[:index].except(:data) }
                         else
                           entry
                         end
-            end
 
             if new_entry[:index]
               indexed += 1

app/lib/link_details_extractor.rb

@@ -232,12 +232,11 @@ class LinkDetailsExtractor
   end
 
   def structured_data
-    @structured_data ||= begin
     # Some publications have more than one JSON-LD definition on the page,
     # and some of those definitions aren't valid JSON either, so we have
     # to loop through here until we find something that is the right type
     # and doesn't break
-      document.xpath('//script[@type="application/ld+json"]').filter_map do |element|
+    @structured_data ||= document.xpath('//script[@type="application/ld+json"]').filter_map do |element|
       json_ld = element.content&.gsub(CDATA_JUNK_PATTERN, '')
 
       next if json_ld.blank?
@@ -252,7 +251,6 @@ class LinkDetailsExtractor
       next
     end.first
   end
-  end
 
   def document
     @document ||= Nokogiri::HTML(@html, nil, encoding)

app/lib/request.rb

@@ -215,7 +215,6 @@ class Request
         addr_by_socket = {}
 
         addresses.each do |address|
-          begin
           check_private_address(address, host)
 
           sock     = ::Socket.new(address.is_a?(Resolv::IPv6) ? ::Socket::AF_INET6 : ::Socket::AF_INET, ::Socket::SOCK_STREAM, 0)
@@ -235,7 +234,6 @@ class Request
         rescue => e
           outer_e = e
         end
-        end
 
         until socks.empty?
           _, available_socks, = IO.select(nil, socks, nil, Request::TIMEOUT[:connect])
@@ -279,9 +277,7 @@ class Request
       end
 
       def private_address_exceptions
-        @private_address_exceptions = begin
+        @private_address_exceptions = (ENV['ALLOWED_PRIVATE_ADDRESSES'] || '').split(',').map { |addr| IPAddr.new(addr) }
-          (ENV['ALLOWED_PRIVATE_ADDRESSES'] || '').split(',').map { |addr| IPAddr.new(addr) }
-        end
       end
     end
   end

app/models/account.rb

@@ -459,13 +459,12 @@ class Account < ApplicationRecord
       return [] if text.blank?
 
       text.scan(MENTION_RE).map { |match| match.first.split('@', 2) }.uniq.filter_map do |(username, domain)|
-        domain = begin
+        domain = if TagManager.instance.local_domain?(domain)
-          if TagManager.instance.local_domain?(domain)
                    nil
                  else
                    TagManager.instance.normalize_domain(domain)
                  end
-        end
+
         EntityCache.instance.mention(username, domain)
       end
     end

app/models/account/field.rb

@@ -25,14 +25,12 @@ class Account::Field < ActiveModelSerializers::Model
   end
 
   def value_for_verification
-    @value_for_verification ||= begin
+    @value_for_verification ||= if account.local?
-      if account.local?
                                   value
                                 else
                                   extract_url_from_html
                                 end
   end
-  end
 
   def verifiable?
     return false if value_for_verification.blank?

app/models/admin/account_action.rb

@@ -166,14 +166,12 @@ class Admin::AccountAction
   end
 
   def reports
-    @reports ||= begin
+    @reports ||= if type == 'none'
-      if type == 'none'
                    with_report? ? [report] : []
                  else
                    Report.where(target_account: target_account).unresolved
                  end
   end
-  end
 
   def warning_preset
     @warning_preset ||= AccountWarningPreset.find(warning_preset_id) if warning_preset_id.present?

app/models/announcement.rb

@@ -54,14 +54,12 @@ class Announcement < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def statuses
-    @statuses ||= begin
+    @statuses ||= if status_ids.nil?
-      if status_ids.nil?
                     []
                   else
                     Status.where(id: status_ids, visibility: [:public, :unlisted])
                   end
   end
-  end
 
   def tags
     @tags ||= Tag.find_or_create_by_names(Extractor.extract_hashtags(text))

app/models/concerns/account_merging.rb

@@ -21,13 +21,11 @@ module AccountMerging
 
     owned_classes.each do |klass|
       klass.where(account_id: other_account.id).find_each do |record|
-        begin
         record.update_attribute(:account_id, id)
       rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
         next
       end
     end
-    end
 
     target_classes = [
       Follow, FollowRequest, Block, Mute, AccountModerationNote, AccountPin,
@@ -36,13 +34,11 @@ module AccountMerging
 
     target_classes.each do |klass|
       klass.where(target_account_id: other_account.id).find_each do |record|
-        begin
         record.update_attribute(:target_account_id, id)
       rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
         next
       end
     end
-    end
 
     CanonicalEmailBlock.where(reference_account_id: other_account.id).find_each do |record|
       record.update_attribute(:reference_account_id, id)

app/models/concerns/pam_authenticable.rb

@@ -42,13 +42,11 @@ module PamAuthenticable
     def self.pam_get_user(attributes = {})
       return nil unless attributes[:email]
 
-      resource = begin
+      resource = if Devise.check_at_sign && !attributes[:email].index('@')
-        if Devise.check_at_sign && !attributes[:email].index('@')
                    joins(:account).find_by(accounts: { username: attributes[:email] })
                  else
                    find_by(email: attributes[:email])
                  end
-      end
 
       if resource.nil?
         resource = new(email: attributes[:email], agreement: true)

app/models/email_domain_block.rb

@@ -69,13 +69,11 @@ class EmailDomainBlock < ApplicationRecord
 
     def extract_uris(domain_or_domains)
       Array(domain_or_domains).map do |str|
-        domain = begin
+        domain = if str.include?('@')
-          if str.include?('@')
                    str.split('@', 2).last
                  else
                    str
                  end
-        end
 
         Addressable::URI.new.tap { |u| u.host = domain.strip } if domain.present?
       rescue Addressable::URI::InvalidURIError, IDN::Idna::IdnaError

app/models/form/admin_settings.rb

@@ -76,13 +76,11 @@ class Form::AdminSettings
     define_method(key) do
       return instance_variable_get("@#{key}") if instance_variable_defined?("@#{key}")
 
-      stored_value = begin
+      stored_value = if UPLOAD_KEYS.include?(key)
-        if UPLOAD_KEYS.include?(key)
                        SiteUpload.where(var: key).first_or_initialize(var: key)
                      else
                        Setting.public_send(key)
                      end
-      end
 
       instance_variable_set("@#{key}", stored_value)
     end

app/models/form/custom_emoji_batch.rb

@@ -36,13 +36,11 @@ class Form::CustomEmojiBatch
   def update!
     custom_emojis.each { |custom_emoji| authorize(custom_emoji, :update?) }
 
-    category = begin
+    category = if category_id.present?
-      if category_id.present?
                  CustomEmojiCategory.find(category_id)
                elsif category_name.present?
                  CustomEmojiCategory.find_or_create_by!(name: category_name)
                end
-    end
 
     custom_emojis.each do |custom_emoji|
       custom_emoji.update(category_id: category&.id)

app/models/notification.rb

@@ -87,13 +87,11 @@ class Notification < ApplicationRecord
 
   class << self
     def browserable(types: [], exclude_types: [], from_account_id: nil)
-      requested_types = begin
+      requested_types = if types.empty?
-        if types.empty?
                           TYPES
                         else
                           types.map(&:to_sym) & TYPES
                         end
-      end
 
       requested_types -= exclude_types.map(&:to_sym)
 

app/models/remote_follow.rb

@@ -36,13 +36,11 @@ class RemoteFollow
 
     username, domain = value.strip.gsub(/\A@/, '').split('@')
 
-    domain = begin
+    domain = if TagManager.instance.local_domain?(domain)
-      if TagManager.instance.local_domain?(domain)
                nil
              else
                TagManager.instance.normalize_domain(domain)
              end
-    end
 
     [username, domain].compact.join('@')
   rescue Addressable::URI::InvalidURIError

app/models/status.rb

@@ -368,13 +368,12 @@ class Status < ApplicationRecord
       return [] if text.blank?
 
       text.scan(FetchLinkCardService::URL_PATTERN).map(&:second).uniq.filter_map do |url|
-        status = begin
+        status = if TagManager.instance.local_url?(url)
-          if TagManager.instance.local_url?(url)
                    ActivityPub::TagManager.instance.uri_to_resource(url, Status)
                  else
                    EntityCache.instance.status(url)
                  end
-        end
+
         status&.distributable? ? status : nil
       end
     end

app/models/status_edit.rb

@@ -51,15 +51,13 @@ class StatusEdit < ApplicationRecord
   def ordered_media_attachments
     return @ordered_media_attachments if defined?(@ordered_media_attachments)
 
-    @ordered_media_attachments = begin
+    @ordered_media_attachments = if ordered_media_attachment_ids.nil?
-      if ordered_media_attachment_ids.nil?
                                    []
                                  else
                                    map = status.media_attachments.index_by(&:id)
                                    ordered_media_attachment_ids.map.with_index { |media_attachment_id, index| PreservedMediaAttachment.new(media_attachment: map[media_attachment_id], description: media_descriptions[index]) }
                                  end
   end
-  end
 
   def proper
     self

app/models/trends/links.rb

@@ -113,13 +113,11 @@ class Trends::Links < Trends::Base
       max_score = preview_card.max_score
       max_score = 0 if max_time.nil? || max_time < (at_time - options[:max_score_cooldown])
 
-      score = begin
+      score = if expected > observed || observed < options[:threshold]
-        if expected > observed || observed < options[:threshold]
                 0
               else
                 ((observed - expected)**2) / expected
               end
-      end
 
       if score > max_score
         max_score = score
@@ -129,13 +127,11 @@ class Trends::Links < Trends::Base
         preview_card.update_columns(max_score: max_score, max_score_at: max_time)
       end
 
-      decaying_score = begin
+      decaying_score = if max_score.zero? || !valid_locale?(preview_card.language)
-        if max_score.zero? || !valid_locale?(preview_card.language)
                          0
                        else
                          max_score * (0.5**((at_time.to_f - max_time.to_f) / options[:max_score_halflife].to_f))
                        end
-      end
 
       [decaying_score, preview_card]
     end

app/models/trends/statuses.rb

@@ -99,21 +99,17 @@ class Trends::Statuses < Trends::Base
       expected  = 1.0
       observed  = (status.reblogs_count + status.favourites_count).to_f
 
-      score = begin
+      score = if expected > observed || observed < options[:threshold]
-        if expected > observed || observed < options[:threshold]
                 0
               else
                 ((observed - expected)**2) / expected
               end
-      end
 
-      decaying_score = begin
+      decaying_score = if score.zero? || !eligible?(status)
-        if score.zero? || !eligible?(status)
                          0
                        else
                          score * (0.5**((at_time.to_f - status.created_at.to_f) / options[:score_halflife].to_f))
                        end
-      end
 
       [decaying_score, status]
     end

app/models/trends/tag_filter.rb

@@ -13,13 +13,11 @@ class Trends::TagFilter
   end
 
   def results
-    scope = begin
+    scope = if params[:status] == 'pending_review'
-      if params[:status] == 'pending_review'
               Tag.unscoped
             else
               trending_scope
             end
-    end
 
     params.each do |key, value|
       next if key.to_s == 'page'

app/models/trends/tags.rb

@@ -63,13 +63,11 @@ class Trends::Tags < Trends::Base
       max_score = tag.max_score
       max_score = 0 if max_time.nil? || max_time < (at_time - options[:max_score_cooldown])
 
-      score = begin
+      score = if expected > observed || observed < options[:threshold]
-        if expected > observed || observed < options[:threshold]
                 0
               else
                 ((observed - expected)**2) / expected
               end
-      end
 
       if score > max_score
         max_score = score

app/models/web/push_subscription.rb

@@ -53,26 +53,22 @@ class Web::PushSubscription < ApplicationRecord
   def associated_user
     return @associated_user if defined?(@associated_user)
 
-    @associated_user = begin
+    @associated_user = if user_id.nil?
-      if user_id.nil?
                          session_activation.user
                        else
                          user
                        end
   end
-  end
 
   def associated_access_token
     return @associated_access_token if defined?(@associated_access_token)
 
-    @associated_access_token = begin
+    @associated_access_token = if access_token_id.nil?
-      if access_token_id.nil?
                                  find_or_create_access_token.token
                                else
                                  access_token.token
                                end
   end
-  end
 
   class << self
     def unsubscribe_for(application_id, resource_owner)

app/presenters/tag_relationships_presenter.rb

@@ -4,12 +4,10 @@ class TagRelationshipsPresenter
   attr_reader :following_map
 
   def initialize(tags, current_account_id = nil, **options)
-    @following_map = begin
+    @following_map = if current_account_id.nil?
-      if current_account_id.nil?
                        {}
                      else
                        TagFollow.select(:tag_id).where(tag_id: tags.map(&:id), account_id: current_account_id).each_with_object({}) { |f, h| h[f.tag_id] = true }.merge(options[:following_map] || {})
                      end
   end
-  end
 end

app/services/account_search_service.rb

@@ -32,15 +32,13 @@ class AccountSearchService < BaseService
 
     return @exact_match if defined?(@exact_match)
 
-    match = begin
+    match = if options[:resolve]
-      if options[:resolve]
               ResolveAccountService.new.call(query)
             elsif domain_is_local?
               Account.find_local(query_username)
             else
               Account.find_remote(query_username, query_domain)
             end
-    end
 
     match = nil if !match.nil? && !account.nil? && options[:following] && !account.following?(match)
 

app/services/activitypub/fetch_featured_tags_collection_service.rb

@@ -22,14 +22,12 @@ class ActivityPub::FetchFeaturedTagsCollectionService < BaseService
     collection = fetch_collection(collection['first']) if collection['first'].present?
 
     while collection.is_a?(Hash)
-      items = begin
+      items = case collection['type']
-        case collection['type']
               when 'Collection', 'CollectionPage'
                 collection['items']
               when 'OrderedCollection', 'OrderedCollectionPage'
                 collection['orderedItems']
               end
-      end
 
       break if items.blank?
 

app/services/activitypub/fetch_remote_status_service.rb

@@ -9,13 +9,11 @@ class ActivityPub::FetchRemoteStatusService < BaseService
   # Should be called when uri has already been checked for locality
   def call(uri, id: true, prefetched_body: nil, on_behalf_of: nil, expected_actor_uri: nil, request_id: nil)
     @request_id = request_id || "#{Time.now.utc.to_i}-status-#{uri}"
-    @json = begin
+    @json = if prefetched_body.nil?
-      if prefetched_body.nil?
               fetch_resource(uri, id, on_behalf_of)
             else
               body_to_json(prefetched_body, compare_id: id ? uri : nil)
             end
-    end
 
     return unless supported_context?
 

app/services/fetch_link_card_service.rb

@@ -69,8 +69,7 @@ class FetchLinkCardService < BaseService
   end
 
   def parse_urls
-    urls = begin
+    urls = if @status.local?
-      if @status.local?
              @status.text.scan(URL_PATTERN).map { |array| Addressable::URI.parse(array[1]).normalize }
            else
              document = Nokogiri::HTML(@status.text)
@@ -78,7 +77,6 @@ class FetchLinkCardService < BaseService
 
              links.filter_map { |a| Addressable::URI.parse(a['href']) unless skip_link?(a) }.filter_map(&:normalize)
            end
-    end
 
     urls.reject { |uri| bad_url?(uri) }.first
   end

app/services/process_mentions_service.rb

@@ -28,13 +28,11 @@ class ProcessMentionsService < BaseService
     @status.text = @status.text.gsub(Account::MENTION_RE) do |match|
       username, domain = Regexp.last_match(1).split('@')
 
-      domain = begin
+      domain = if TagManager.instance.local_domain?(domain)
-        if TagManager.instance.local_domain?(domain)
                  nil
                else
                  TagManager.instance.normalize_domain(domain)
                end
-      end
 
       mentioned_account = Account.find_remote(username, domain)
 

app/services/reblog_service.rb

@@ -20,13 +20,11 @@ class ReblogService < BaseService
 
     return reblog unless reblog.nil?
 
-    visibility = begin
+    visibility = if reblogged_status.hidden?
-      if reblogged_status.hidden?
                    reblogged_status.visibility
                  else
                    options[:visibility] || account.user&.setting_default_privacy
                  end
-    end
 
     reblog = account.statuses.create!(reblog: reblogged_status, text: '', visibility: visibility, rate_limit: options[:with_rate_limit])
 

app/services/resolve_account_service.rb

@@ -71,13 +71,11 @@ class ResolveAccountService < BaseService
       @username, @domain = uri.strip.gsub(/\A@/, '').split('@')
     end
 
-    @domain = begin
+    @domain = if TagManager.instance.local_domain?(@domain)
-      if TagManager.instance.local_domain?(@domain)
                 nil
               else
                 TagManager.instance.normalize_domain(@domain)
               end
-    end
 
     @uri = [@username, @domain].compact.join('@')
   end

app/validators/domain_validator.rb

@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ class DomainValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator
   def validate_each(record, attribute, value)
     return if value.blank?
 
-    domain = begin
+    domain = if options[:acct]
-      if options[:acct]
                value.split('@').last
              else
                value
              end
-    end
 
     record.errors.add(attribute, I18n.t('domain_validator.invalid_domain')) unless compliant?(domain)
   end

app/validators/existing_username_validator.rb

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ class ExistingUsernameValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator
   def validate_each(record, attribute, value)
     return if value.blank?
 
-    usernames_and_domains = begin
+    usernames_and_domains = value.split(',').map do |str|
-      value.split(',').map do |str|
       username, domain = str.strip.gsub(/\A@/, '').split('@', 2)
       domain = nil if TagManager.instance.local_domain?(domain)
 
@@ -13,7 +12,6 @@ class ExistingUsernameValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator
 
       [str, username, domain]
     end.compact
-    end
 
     usernames_with_no_accounts = usernames_and_domains.filter_map do |(str, username, domain)|
       str unless Account.find_remote(username, domain)

app/validators/import_validator.rb

@@ -35,13 +35,11 @@ class ImportValidator < ActiveModel::Validator
   def validate_following_import(import, row_count)
     base_limit = FollowLimitValidator.limit_for_account(import.account)
 
-    limit = begin
+    limit = if import.overwrite?
-      if import.overwrite?
               base_limit
             else
               base_limit - import.account.following_count
             end
-    end
 
     import.errors.add(:data, I18n.t('users.follow_limit_reached', limit: base_limit)) if row_count > limit
   end

app/workers/backup_worker.rb

@@ -9,14 +9,12 @@ class BackupWorker
     backup_id = msg['args'].first
 
     ActiveRecord::Base.connection_pool.with_connection do
-      begin
       backup = Backup.find(backup_id)
       backup.destroy
     rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
       true
     end
   end
-  end
 
   def perform(backup_id)
     backup = Backup.find(backup_id)

app/workers/post_process_media_worker.rb

@@ -9,14 +9,12 @@ class PostProcessMediaWorker
     media_attachment_id = msg['args'].first
 
     ActiveRecord::Base.connection_pool.with_connection do
-      begin
       media_attachment = MediaAttachment.find(media_attachment_id)
       media_attachment.processing = :failed
       media_attachment.save
     rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
       true
     end
-    end
 
     Sidekiq.logger.error("Processing media attachment #{media_attachment_id} failed with #{msg['error_message']}")
   end

app/workers/scheduler/follow_recommendations_scheduler.rb

@@ -19,13 +19,11 @@ class Scheduler::FollowRecommendationsScheduler
     fallback_recommendations = FollowRecommendation.order(rank: :desc).limit(SET_SIZE)
 
     Trends.available_locales.each do |locale|
-      recommendations = begin
+      recommendations = if AccountSummary.safe.filtered.localized(locale).exists? # We can skip the work if no accounts with that language exist
-        if AccountSummary.safe.filtered.localized(locale).exists? # We can skip the work if no accounts with that language exist
                           FollowRecommendation.localized(locale).order(rank: :desc).limit(SET_SIZE).map { |recommendation| [recommendation.account_id, recommendation.rank] }
                         else
                           []
                         end
-      end
 
       # Use language-agnostic results if there are not enough language-specific ones
       missing = SET_SIZE - recommendations.size

db/migrate/20180528141303_fix_accounts_unique_index.rb

@@ -106,22 +106,18 @@ class FixAccountsUniqueIndex < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.2]
     # to check for (and skip past) uniqueness errors
     [Favourite, Follow, FollowRequest, Block, Mute].each do |klass|
       klass.where(account_id: duplicate_account.id).find_each do |record|
-        begin
         record.update_attribute(:account_id, main_account.id)
       rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
         next
       end
     end
-    end
 
     [Follow, FollowRequest, Block, Mute].each do |klass|
       klass.where(target_account_id: duplicate_account.id).find_each do |record|
-        begin
         record.update_attribute(:target_account_id, main_account.id)
       rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
         next
       end
     end
   end
-  end
 end

db/migrate/20180812173710_copy_status_stats.rb

@@ -43,12 +43,10 @@ class CopyStatusStats < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.2]
     # We cannot use bulk INSERT or overarching transactions here because of possible
     # uniqueness violations that we need to skip over
     Status.unscoped.select('id, reblogs_count, favourites_count, created_at, updated_at').find_each do |status|
-      begin
       params = [[nil, status.id], [nil, status.reblogs_count], [nil, status.favourites_count], [nil, status.created_at], [nil, status.updated_at]]
       exec_insert('INSERT INTO status_stats (status_id, reblogs_count, favourites_count, created_at, updated_at) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5)', nil, params)
     rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
       next
     end
   end
-  end
 end

db/migrate/20181116173541_copy_account_stats.rb

@@ -43,12 +43,10 @@ class CopyAccountStats < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.2]
     # We cannot use bulk INSERT or overarching transactions here because of possible
     # uniqueness violations that we need to skip over
     Account.unscoped.select('id, statuses_count, following_count, followers_count, created_at, updated_at').find_each do |account|
-      begin
       params = [[nil, account.id], [nil, account[:statuses_count]], [nil, account[:following_count]], [nil, account[:followers_count]], [nil, account.created_at], [nil, account.updated_at]]
       exec_insert('INSERT INTO account_stats (account_id, statuses_count, following_count, followers_count, created_at, updated_at) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6)', nil, params)
     rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
       next
     end
   end
-  end
 end

lib/mastodon/accounts_cli.rb

@@ -490,7 +490,6 @@ module Mastodon
         scope = Account.where(id: ::Follow.where(account: account).select(:target_account_id))
 
         scope.find_each do |target_account|
-          begin
           UnfollowService.new.call(account, target_account)
         rescue => e
           progress.log pastel.red("Error processing #{target_account.id}: #{e}")
@@ -498,7 +497,6 @@ module Mastodon
           progress.increment
           processed += 1
         end
-        end
 
         BootstrapTimelineWorker.perform_async(account.id)
       end
@@ -507,7 +505,6 @@ module Mastodon
         scope = Account.where(id: ::Follow.where(target_account: account).select(:account_id))
 
         scope.find_each do |target_account|
-          begin
           UnfollowService.new.call(target_account, account)
         rescue => e
           progress.log pastel.red("Error processing #{target_account.id}: #{e}")
@@ -516,7 +513,6 @@ module Mastodon
           processed += 1
         end
       end
-      end
 
       progress.finish
       say("Processed #{processed} relationships", :green, true)

lib/mastodon/cli_helper.rb

@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ module Mastodon
 
         items.each do |item|
           futures << Concurrent::Future.execute(executor: pool) do
-            begin
             if !progress.total.nil? && progress.progress + 1 > progress.total
               # The number of items has changed between start and now,
               # since there is no good way to predict the final count from
@@ -67,7 +66,6 @@ module Mastodon
             progress.increment
           end
         end
-        end
 
         total.increment(items.size)
         futures.map(&:value)

lib/mastodon/ip_blocks_cli.rb

@@ -79,13 +79,11 @@ module Mastodon
       skipped   = 0
 
       addresses.each do |address|
-        ip_blocks = begin
+        ip_blocks = if options[:force]
-          if options[:force]
                       IpBlock.where('ip >>= ?', address)
                     else
                       IpBlock.where('ip <<= ?', address)
                     end
-        end
 
         if ip_blocks.empty?
           say("#{address} is not yet blocked", :yellow)

lib/mastodon/maintenance_cli.rb

@@ -98,26 +98,22 @@ module Mastodon
 
         owned_classes.each do |klass|
           klass.where(account_id: other_account.id).find_each do |record|
-            begin
             record.update_attribute(:account_id, id)
           rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
             next
           end
         end
-        end
 
         target_classes = [Follow, FollowRequest, Block, Mute, AccountModerationNote, AccountPin]
         target_classes << AccountNote if ActiveRecord::Base.connection.table_exists?(:account_notes)
 
         target_classes.each do |klass|
           klass.where(target_account_id: other_account.id).find_each do |record|
-            begin
             record.update_attribute(:target_account_id, id)
           rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
             next
           end
         end
-        end
 
         if ActiveRecord::Base.connection.table_exists?(:canonical_email_blocks)
           CanonicalEmailBlock.where(reference_account_id: other_account.id).find_each do |record|
@@ -601,14 +597,12 @@ module Mastodon
       owned_classes = [ConversationMute, AccountConversation]
       owned_classes.each do |klass|
         klass.where(conversation_id: duplicate_conv.id).find_each do |record|
-          begin
           record.update_attribute(:account_id, main_conv.id)
         rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
           next
         end
       end
     end
-    end
 
     def merge_custom_emojis!(main_emoji, duplicate_emoji)
       owned_classes = [AnnouncementReaction]
@@ -629,50 +623,40 @@ module Mastodon
       owned_classes << Bookmark if ActiveRecord::Base.connection.table_exists?(:bookmarks)
       owned_classes.each do |klass|
         klass.where(status_id: duplicate_status.id).find_each do |record|
-          begin
           record.update_attribute(:status_id, main_status.id)
         rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
           next
         end
       end
-      end
 
       StatusPin.where(account_id: main_status.account_id, status_id: duplicate_status.id).find_each do |record|
-        begin
         record.update_attribute(:status_id, main_status.id)
       rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
         next
       end
-      end
 
       Status.where(in_reply_to_id: duplicate_status.id).find_each do |record|
-        begin
         record.update_attribute(:in_reply_to_id, main_status.id)
       rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
         next
       end
-      end
 
       Status.where(reblog_of_id: duplicate_status.id).find_each do |record|
-        begin
         record.update_attribute(:reblog_of_id, main_status.id)
       rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
         next
       end
     end
-    end
 
     def merge_tags!(main_tag, duplicate_tag)
       [FeaturedTag].each do |klass|
         klass.where(tag_id: duplicate_tag.id).find_each do |record|
-          begin
           record.update_attribute(:tag_id, main_tag.id)
         rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
           next
         end
       end
     end
-    end
 
     def find_duplicate_accounts
       ActiveRecord::Base.connection.select_all("SELECT string_agg(id::text, ',') AS ids FROM accounts GROUP BY lower(username), COALESCE(lower(domain), '') HAVING count(*) > 1")

lib/mastodon/media_cli.rb

@@ -116,14 +116,12 @@ module Mastodon
 
         loop do
           objects = begin
-            begin
             bucket.objects(start_after: last_key, prefix: prefix).limit(1000).map { |x| x }
           rescue => e
             progress.log(pastel.red("Error fetching list of files: #{e}"))
             progress.log("If you want to continue from this point, add --start-after=#{last_key} to your command") if last_key
             break
           end
-          end
 
           break if objects.empty?
 

lib/mastodon/search_cli.rb

@@ -43,13 +43,11 @@ module Mastodon
         exit(1)
       end
 
-      indices = begin
+      indices = if options[:only]
-        if options[:only]
                   options[:only].map { |str| "#{str.camelize}Index".constantize }
                 else
                   INDICES
                 end
-      end
 
       pool      = Concurrent::FixedThreadPool.new(options[:concurrency], max_queue: options[:concurrency] * 10)
       importers = indices.index_with { |index| "Importer::#{index.name}Importer".constantize.new(batch_size: options[:batch_size], executor: pool) }

lib/mastodon/upgrade_cli.rb

@@ -50,8 +50,7 @@ module Mastodon
             styles << :original unless styles.include?(:original)
 
             styles.each do |style|
-              success = begin
+              success = case Paperclip::Attachment.default_options[:storage]
-                case Paperclip::Attachment.default_options[:storage]
                         when :s3
                           upgrade_storage_s3(progress, attachment, style)
                         when :fog
@@ -59,7 +58,6 @@ module Mastodon
                         when :filesystem
                           upgrade_storage_filesystem(progress, attachment, style)
                         end
-              end
 
               upgraded = true if style == :original && success
 

lib/paperclip/color_extractor.rb

@@ -161,13 +161,11 @@ module Paperclip
     def lighten_or_darken(color, by)
       hue, saturation, light = rgb_to_hsl(color.r, color.g, color.b)
 
-      light = begin
+      light = if light < 50
-        if light < 50
                 [100, light + by].min
               else
                 [0, light - by].max
               end
-      end
 
       ColorDiff::Color::RGB.new(*hsl_to_rgb(hue, saturation, light))
     end

lib/sanitize_ext/sanitize_config.rb

@@ -41,13 +41,11 @@ class Sanitize
 
       current_node = env[:node]
 
-      scheme = begin
+      scheme = if current_node['href'] =~ Sanitize::REGEX_PROTOCOL
-        if current_node['href'] =~ Sanitize::REGEX_PROTOCOL
                  Regexp.last_match(1).downcase
                else
                  :relative
                end
-      end
 
       current_node.replace(Nokogiri::XML::Text.new(current_node.text, current_node.document)) unless LINK_PROTOCOLS.include?(scheme)
     end

lib/tasks/db.rake

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ namespace :db do
   namespace :migrate do
     desc 'Setup the db or migrate depending on state of db'
     task setup: :environment do
-      begin
       if ActiveRecord::Migrator.current_version.zero?
         Rake::Task['db:migrate'].invoke
         Rake::Task['db:seed'].invoke
@@ -15,7 +14,6 @@ namespace :db do
       Rake::Task['db:migrate'].invoke
     end
   end
-  end
 
   task :pre_migration_check do
     version = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.select_one("SELECT current_setting('server_version_num') AS v")['v'].to_i